Heterogeneity in the Relationship Between the Built Environment and Bicycling
Heterogeneity in the Relationship Between the Built Environment and Bicycling
Project Duration: 12 months
Project Budget (Federal UTC Funds): $29,724
Project Budget (Cost-share): $31,132
Institution: Arizona State University
Abstract
Bicycling is an environmentally friendly, healthy, and affordable mode of transportation that is viable for short distance trips. Urban planners, public health advocates, and others are therefore looking for strategies to promote more bicycling, including improvements to the built environment that make bicycling more attractive. This study presents an analysis of how key built environment characteristics relate to bicycling frequency based on a large sample from the 2012 California Household Travel Survey and detailed built environment data. The built environment characteristics we explore include residential and intersection density at anchor locations (home, work, school), green space, job access, land use mix, and bicycle infrastructure availability. Analyses are conducted separately for three distinct demographic groups: school-age children, employed adults, and adults who are not employed. The key conclusion from this work is that the relationship between bicycling and some built environment characteristics varies between types of people – most dramatically between adults and children. To develop targeted policies with scarce resources, local policymakers need specific guidance as to which investments and policy changes will be most effective for creating “bikeable” neighborhoods. Our work indicates that the answer depends – at least in part – on who these bikeable neighborhoods are meant to serve.